Nick Cammarata, who co-authored the 2020 paper that made superposition part of interpretability’s canon, argues in a Goodfire essay that the evidence was misread: the famous cat-and-car neuron detects a V shape, and about 90% of neuron poles in Qwen3-32B have one main job. Novel Cognition checked the quotes, the numbers and the reaction from researchers including Neel Nanda, Liv Gorton, Leo Gao and Stephen Casper.
